What term is used to describe the gathering of information regarding an adversary’s plans and actions?

The term that refers to the gathering of information about an adversary's plans and actions is Intelligence Analysis. This process involves collecting, processing, and evaluating relevant information to inform decision-making and strategies, particularly regarding national security or military objectives. Intelligence Analysis focuses on understanding and interpreting data to create a clear picture of what an adversary is doing or intends to do, thereby equipping stakeholders with the insights necessary for effective responses and planning.

In contrast, Information Warfare pertains to the use of information and communication technology to gain an advantage over opponents, which includes psychological operations and misinformation strategies rather than strictly gathering information. Counter-Espionage focuses more on preventing and countering spying activities from other entities, rather than just gathering intelligence. Strategic Assessment involves evaluating current situations and scenarios for planning purposes, which may incorporate intelligence but is broader and more evaluative in nature. Thus, Intelligence Analysis is the most accurate answer for the definition provided.